Un total de 20 novillos recibieron un dispositivo electrónico para colectar temperaturas timpánicas (TT). Simultáneamente, también se colectaron las variables climáticas incluyendo: temperatura del aire, velocidad del viento, radiación solar, humedad relativa y precipitación, mediante una estación meteorológica situada en el mismo predio. Estos datos se utilizaron para estimar el índice integral del clima (CCI). El análisis estadístico de los datos incluyó análisis descriptivos, ANDEVA y regresiones simples y múltiples (nivel de significancia del 5%), siendo TT la variable respuesta. La TT promedio de novillos fue de 37,59 ± 0,02 y 37,16 ± 0,03 °C durante los años 2010 y 2011, respectivamente. Las condiciones climáticas fueron normales y no representaron un desafío para los animales desde el punto de vista térmico. Lo anterior se vio reflejado en los valores medios del CCI de 7,30 ±0,11 y 6,27 ±0,12 °C, durante los años 2010 y 2011, respectivamente. Los análisis de regresión lineal mostraron que la mayoría de las variables observadas fueron significativas, pero ninguna de ellas explica en buena forma la variabilidad observada (r2 < 0,1). Los análisis de regresión múltiple mejoraron los valores de los coeficientes de determinación (R2 ), pero aún estuvieron por debajo de 0.50. Finalmente, se concluye que para los períodos de estudio, la TT no sufrió grandes cambios como consecuencia de las condiciones ambientales evaluadas. Del mismo modo, los novillos no mostraron signos de estrés ambiental.
Palabras clave: ganado bovino de engorda, temperatura corporal, confort térmico, invierno.
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