Fracción | Edad | p | |
56 | 105 | ||
PC | 21.8 | 11.9 | 0.000 |
PCIDA | 1.97 | 0.76 | 0.030 |
PCIDN | 4.11 | 1.73 | 0.000 |
EE | 2.51 | 1.66 | 0.010 |
FDN | 54.7 | 66.9 | 0.000 |
Lig | 7.05 | 9.61 | 0.110 |
CNE | 14.6 | 10.9 | 0.000 |
Cen | 10.4 | 10.5 | 0.970 |
Edad | p | ||
56 | 105 | ||
NDT1x | 54.4 | 45.8 | 0.01 |
ENl1x | 1.02 | 0.67 | 0.00 |
Edad | a1 | b | kd | i | MSDR | MSNDR |
56 d | 33.3 | 56.9 | 0.0540 | 1.81 | 56.9 | 43.1 |
105 d | 22.8 | 52.4 | 0.0503 | 1.00 | 49.1 | 50.9 |
Prom | 28.1 | 54.6 | 0.0521 | 1.41 | 53.0 | 47.0 |
p | 0.0206 | 0.0538 | 0.393 | 0.0587 | 0.0146 | 0.0148 |
Edad | a | b | kd | i | PDR1 | PNDR |
56 d | 51.6 | 42.1 | 0.0763 | 3.03 | 69.1 | 31.0 |
105 d | 46.0 | 36.8 | 0.116 | 1.48 | 67.9 | 32.1 |
Prom | 48.8 | 39.4 | 0.0960 | 2.25 | 68.5 | 31.5 |
p | 0.135 | 0.0419 | 0.0611 | 0.142 | 0.43 | 0.429 |
Edad | p | ||
56 | 105 | ||
Ca | 0.370 | 0.337 | 0.000 |
P | 0.503 | 0.333 | 0.010 |
Mg | 0.370 | 0.437 | 0.015 |
K | 6.28 | 2.61 | 0.000 |
Parámetros | 56 d | 105 d | p |
Calcium (Ca) | |||
a | 2.06 | 7.08 | 0.279 |
b | 94.1 | 82.2 | 0.0837 |
kd | 0.158 | 0.241 | 0.101 |
i | 9.70 | 2.71 | 0.0616 |
Fósforo (P) | |||
a | 86.4 | 84.8 | 0.431 |
b | 12.8 | 5.99 | 0.0829 |
kd | 0.0687 | 0.202 | 0.305 |
i | 3.06 | 1.53 | 0.402 |
Magnesio (Mg) | |||
a | 69.2 | 86.5 | 0.00312 |
b | 28.4 | 10.9 | 0.00277 |
kd | 0.113 | 0.429 | 0.0178 |
i | 1.00 | 2.40 | 0.0884 |
Potasio (K) | |||
a | 94.7 | 96.2 | 0.297 |
b | 4.97 | 3.23 | 0.203 |
kd | 0.560 | 0.0464 | 0.148 |
i | 1.0 | 1.0 | - |
Promedio1 | |
Ca | 54.8c |
P | 90.2b |
Mg | 91.1b |
K | 98.3a |
p | 0.003 |
De otra parte, es necesario considerar que la liberación de los minerales en el rumen sumada a la que se presenta en otros tramos del tracto gastrointestinal, particularmente en el omaso y el intestino delgado, determinan la posibilidad de que estos sean absorbidos por el animal hospedero (Emanuele et al 1991).
Conclusiones
Agradecimientos
A la Dirección de Investigaciones de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín (DIME) por la financiación de este trabajo (proyecto DIME 030803758) y a los auxiliares de investigación Ferley Monsalve y Martha Ruíz por la excelente labor realizada en el montaje y la ejecución del trabajo de campo.
Bibliografía
AOAC 1990 Official Methods of Analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 15th edition (K Helrick editor). Arlington. pp 1230.
Cerešnáková Z, Fl'ak P, Poláciková M and Chrenková M. 2005In sacco NDF degradability and mineral release from selected forages in the rumen. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 7: 320-328.
Consejo Regional Lácteo 2001 Acuerdo regional de Competitividad de la Cadena Láctea en Antioquia. 116 pg.
Correa H J, Ceron J M, Arroyave H, Henao Y y López A 2004 Pasto Maralfalfa: mitos y realidades. En: IV seminario internacional Competitividad en carne y leche. Cooperativa Colanta, Hotel Intercontinental de Medellín, Noviembre 10 y 11: 231 - 274.
Correa H C 2006 Cinética de la liberación ruminal de macrominerales en pasto kikuyo(Pennisetum clandestinum) cosechado a dos edades de rebrote. Livestock Research for Rural Development. Volume 18, Article # 31. Retrieved printDate().
Dugmore T J 1998 Energy and mineral content of kikuyu; In: Bartholomew P E (Editor) Proceedings of a Kikuyu Technology Day, held at Cedara on 25 November, KwaZulu-Natal Department of Agriculture: 16.
Durand M and Komisarczuk S 1988 Influence of major minerals on rumen microbiota; Journal of Nutrition 118:249-260.
Emanuele S M, Staples C R and Wilcox C J 1991 Extent and site of mineral release from six forage species incubated in mobile dacron bags; Journal of Animal Science (69): 01.
Gomide J A, Noller C H, Mott G O, Conrad J H and Hill D L 1969 Mineral composition of six tropical grasses as influenced by plant age and nitrogen fertilization; Agronomy Journal 61: 120-123.
Holmann F, Rivas L, Carulla J, Giraldo L, Guzmán S, Martínez M, Rivera B, Medina A y Farrow A 2003 Evolución de los Sistemas de Producción de Leche en el Trópico Latinoamericano y su interrelación con los Mercados: Un Análisis del Caso Colombiano. CIAT, Cali. 53 p.
Horst R L, Goff J P, Reinhardt T A, and Buxton D R 1997 Strategies for Preventing Milk Fever in Dairy Cattle; Journal of Dairy Science. 80:1269-1280.
Kiviste A, Álvarez J G, Rojo A y Ruíz A D 2002 Funciones de crecimiento de aplicación en el ámbito forestal; INIA. Madrid, España. 190 p.
Laredo M A 1988 Tabla de contenido nutricional en pastos y forrajes de Colombia; Medellín: ICA - Colanta. 40 pp.
Martens H 1983 Saturation kinetics of magnesium efflux across the rumen wall in heifers; British Journal of Nutrition 49 (1): 153-158
McDowell L R and Valle G 2000 Major Minerals in Forages. In: Forage Evaluation in Ruminant Nutrition (editors Givens D I, Owen E, Axford R F E and Omed H M) CAB International. Chapter 18: 373 - 397.
Mertens D 1996 Using Fiber and Carbohydrate Analyses to Formulate Dairy Rations. En: International Conference with Dairy and Forage Industries, US Dairy Forage Research Center: 81 - 92.
National Research Council 2001 The nutrient requirement of dairy cattle; Seventh edition.National Academy Press, Washington, D. C.
Nocek J E 1988 Insitu and other methods to estimate ruminal protein and energy digestibility: A review; Journal of Dairy Science 71: 2051.
Ørskov E R and McDonald I 1979 The estimate of protein degradability in the rumen from incubation measurements weighed according to rate of passage; Journal of Agricultural Science (Cambridge) (92): 499.
Osorio F 2004 Efecto del manejo alimentario sobre el sistema especializado de producción lechera. En: memorias Seminario Nacional de Lechería Especializada: Bases Nutricionales y su Impacto en la Productividad. Eventos y Asesorías Agropecuarias, Auditorio de la Salud, Hospital General de Medellín, Septiembre 1 y 2: 141 - 152.
Pfeffer E, Thompson A and Armstrong D 1970 Studies on intestinal digestion in sheep. 3. Net movement of certain inorganic elements in the digestive tract on rations containing different proportions of hay and rolled barley; British Journal of Nutrition 24:197- 204.
Samaniego M A 1996 Comparison of methods for the measurement of digesta flow and microbial protein supply in sheep; MSc. Thesis, University of Aberdeen. 57 pg.
SAS Inst 1998 SAS User's Guide: Statistics (Version 8 Ed); Cary NC: the Institute.
Singh N 2005 A model to predict fluctuations in rumen pH. Thesis of Master of Science, Faculty of the Graduate School, University of Maryland, College Park. 93 p.
Underwood E J and Suttle N F 1999 The mineral nutrition of livestock; 3rd Edition. CABI publishing, Wallingford, UK. 600 p.
Van Soest P J 1994 Nutritional ecology of the ruminant; Cornell University Press. 476 p.
Van Soest P J and Robertson J 1985 Analysis of forages and fibrous of the feeds. Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. Laboratory manual for animal science.