Se evaluó la sustitución de urea por harinas vegetales en la dieta sobre la respuesta animal, parámetros de res y de carne, en recría y terminación de novillos Angus. Se compararon 5 dietas basadas en maíz, heno y combinaciones de urea, con harinas de girasol (HG) o de soja (HS): 1) Urea (2% urea), 2) GrUr (1% urea + HG), 3) Gira (HG), 4) GrSj (HG + HS) y 5) Soja (HS), aplicadas sobre 2 categorías, recría y terminación. Se diseñaron para ofrecer 14% (Recría) y 12 % de PB (Terminación). Se utilizaron 75 terneros (Recría) y 75 novillos (Terminación), distribuidos en 25 corrales para cada categoría (3 por corral). Luego de 120 días de alimentación en Recría y 90 para Terminación se procedió a la faena de 50 animales de Recría y 75 de Terminación. Al inicio se faenaron 5 animales adicionales de cada categoría para determinar el rendimiento inicial de res (Rtoi) y calcular el peso de res inicial. Se determinaron consumo de materia seca (CMS) por corral, peso vivo (PV) y de res final (PR), aumento de PV y de res (ADPV, ADPR) e índices de conversión de alimento a PV y a res (IC, ICR). Se calculó el rendimiento final de res (Rto). Sobre una sección de bifes de cada 1/2 res izquierda incluyendo el músculo longissimus thoracis se determinó: área de ojo del bife (AOB), espesor de grasa dorsal (EGD), contenido de grasa intramuscular (GI) y parámetros L*, a* y b* (luminosidad; tendencia al rojo; tendencia al amarillo) del músculo. La inclusión de harinas vegetales respecto de urea generó efectos incrementales (p<0,05) en PV, PR, ADPV, ADPR, AOB y GI, y decrecieron (p<0,05) los IC e ICR. La inclusión de HS se destacó respecto de HG, particularmente en Recría. Las dietas con HS tuvieron mayor L* (p<0,05).
Palabras clave. harina de girasol, harina de soja, recría a corral, engorde a corral.
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