El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el efecto de la edad al primer parto (EPP) sobre la producción estandarizada de leche (PEL) de la primera y segunda lactación e intervalo entre los primeros dos partos (IEP) en vacas Holstein de la cuenca lechera de Lima, Perú. Se analizaron registros de 4215 vacas provenientes de nueve establos, registrados en el Servicio de Productividad Lechera de la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, entre enero de 2003 y diciembre de 2012. La información se analizó mediante estadística descriptiva y un modelo lineal mixto, utilizando el paquete SAS 9.4. La EPP promedio fue de 24.9 ± 2.3 meses. La EPP influyó en la PEL (p=0.0008), pero no en el IEP (p=0.3969). Asimismo, se encontraron diferencias significativas (p<0.01) entre las dos lactaciones, entre las cuatro estaciones del año y entre los 10 años evaluados, para las dos variables en estudio. En conclusión, se observaron mayores PEL y menores IEP a edades intermedias (22-30 meses), por lo que la EPP óptima estaría alrededor de los 22 meses para lograr maximizar el rendimiento productivo.
Palabras clave: edad al primer parto; producción de leche; intervalo entre partos; Holstein; costa central del Perú
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